🌌 The Evolution of Worlds: A Manifesto
For centuries, humanity resisted the notion that life itself could evolve. It was once believed that every creature was fixed, created in its present form, immutable through time. When Darwin showed that life on Earth is the outcome of a vast evolutionary process, stretching from the simplest of origins to the complexity of human beings, he shattered the illusion of fixity. Biology became a science of change, not stasis.
Astronomy, however, lingers where biology once stood. It clings to the belief that planets and stars were born whole in a single moment of creation: a nebula collapses, and the planets emerge as they are, complete and finished. The nebular hypothesis is astronomy’s “special creation” story — elegant in its simplicity, but blind to the evidence of change all around us.
Look closer, and the truth is plain. The solar system is a gallery of diversity that cries out for explanation:
Mercury, stripped to a metallic core.
Venus, bloated with atmosphere and robbed of spin.
Earth, dynamic and balanced, a cradle of life.
Mars, a dying desert with whispers of water in its past.
The gas giants, fading embers of what were once full-fledged stars.
To explain these differences, conventional science invokes catastrophe — giant impacts, chance collisions, accidents beyond proof. But this is no explanation at all. It is mythology cloaked in physics.
The deeper truth is simpler: worlds evolve.
Stars are born in brilliance, and over time they shed their radiance, their atmospheres, their spin.
They cool, contract, differentiate, and transform into the planets we see today.
Each planet is not a leftover, but a survivor — a fossil star at a particular stage of its long metamorphosis.
This is planetary evolution:
Earth is a middle-aged remnant, still vigorous enough to harbor oceans and life.
Venus is older, her spin nearly extinguished.
Mercury is ancient beyond measure, in the trillions of years, a husk of stellar metal.
The giant planets are young in comparison, still wrapped in their vast envelopes of gas.
Just as humans evolved from simpler creatures, so too have the worlds evolved from brighter ancestors. To deny planetary evolution is to commit the same error that once denied human evolution: mistaking the present form for the eternal one.
Science advances when it embraces change through time. Biology learned this in the 19th century. Astronomy must learn it now. The planets are not static. They are not accidents. They are the living record of stellar metamorphosis, unfolding over timescales that dwarf biology but obey the same universal principle: evolution is the law of nature.
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