Monday, December 14, 2015

The Majority of Stellar Evolution Happens Inside of Red/Brown Dwarf Stages as it Stands, Stellar Metamorphosis

dwarf
K
Rsun
Msun
Lsun
Mag
AU
hr
hr
%
M0
3800
0.62
0.60
7.2
9.34
0.268
1571
5.37
0.022
M1
3600
0.49
0.49
3.5
9.65
0.190
1039
3.96
0.035
M2
3400
0.44
0.44
2.3
10.12
0.152
786
3.36
0.043
M3
3250
0.39
0.36
1.5
11.15
0.123
633
2.96
0.055
M4
3100
0.262
0.20
0.55
12.13
0.075
401
2.06
0.124
M5
2800
0.20
0.14
0.22
16.0
0.047
238
1.50
0.209
M6
2600
0.15
0.10
0.09
16.6
0.030
147
1.07
0.372
M7
2500
0.12
~0.09
0.05
18.8
0.022
98
0.78
0.582
M8
2400
0.11
~0.08
0.03
19.8
0.019
81
0.69
0.69
M9
2300
0.08
~0.075
0.015
17.4
0.013
46
0.43
1.31


If you'll notice, the temperature of M0 to M9 drops 1500 Kelvin. The radius diminishes close to a factor of 10, and the luminosity almost falls off the chart. .015 the luminosity of the Sun for M9 red dwarfs.

Why not just keep on going to M10, M11, M12, M13, M14 based on temperature measurements? No need. They have temperature measurements encompassing brown dwarfs between 2200 and 750K.

This means for red dwarfs the temp field is ~1500 K, and for brown dwarfs it is 1450K. An almost full 3000K drop in temperature as the stars evolve from being visible and over half the size of the Sun, to not having a visible spectrum.

The star begins disappearing in these two classifications, red and brown dwarf stages of evolution. That's pretty cool and of course, not mentioned in the accepted literature. The accepted literature has stars as keeping their mass as the evolve, yet clearly we see that isn't the case. As they cool and die they shrink and lose mass, meaning any evolutionary models which rely on mass determining what happens to the star are not only incomplete, but misguided.

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