| Lack of oceanic crust older than ~200 million years |
Explained via subduction, but evidence of vast, deep subducted slabs is indirect or controversial |
Oceans didn’t exist until Earth began expanding; crust is new because it's literally new surface exposed during decompression |
| Fit of continents on a smaller globe |
Often called coincidence; explained via continental drift but requires reconstruction |
It's literal: Earth’s solid core was smaller under pressure, then expanded — this is physical expansion, not drift |
| No direct evidence for mantle convection |
Convection is assumed to drive plates but is unobservable at the required scales |
Not needed; decompression explains crustal stress, faulting, and volcanism more simply |
| Distribution of mountain ranges |
Must be explained by specific collision events and plate boundaries |
Caused by stress redistribution during volume increase (like a balloon wrinkling) |
| Isostasy and crustal uplift anomalies |
Some regions are rising unexpectedly |
Decompression causes broad uplift, not just local isostatic balance |
| Deep-focus earthquakes (below 300 km) |
Should not occur in brittle rock at such depths |
Explained as settling and cracking of older, previously compressed interior layers |
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